Pope Paul III approves the Formula Instituti of Ignatius of Loyola (1539)

Please read all of Chapter 18 in MacCulloch’s book where it centers around the Counter-Reformation by the Catholic Church from 1500 – 1700.

We will meet this Sunday to go over our essays.

Please write a summary on one of the following:

1. Discuss the origins, development, rise, and importance of the Society of Jesus (or Jesuits) from its beginnings with Ignatius Loyola.  What role did they play in the Counter-Reformation?  Discuss their accomplishments in secondary education throughout Europe.
2. Discuss the central tenets of the Council of Trent in 1545 and through 1563.  Include issues laid out for Catholic catechism, liturgy, and issues about the authority of the Catholic Church.  What was its greatest impact or lasting legacy?
3.  Discuss the impact and acceptance of the two mystics: Teresa of Avila and Juan de Yepes (John of the Cross).
4. What were the events that led up to the Massacre of St. Bartholomew’s Day in 1572.  How were relations between French Catholics and Huguenots affected from this incident?
5. Why did Poland-Lithuania embrace Catholicism after being “such a fertile seminary of Protestant experiment”?
6. Discuss the differing ways Protestants and Catholics began implementing unique styles of worship and services.
7. Discuss why Galileo was placed in prison for his scientific views.  What historical circumstances led to his verdict by the Catholic Church?
8. Why did the persecution and hunting of witches happen during this time in Europe and North America?  Why did it eventually cease?

Please have your responses ready by this Saturday, June 14.