Project Augustine

Home » Church History (Page 2)

Category Archives: Church History

Archives

Chapter 25: Culture Wars (1960 – Present) – Part I

Vatican II Council 1962

Vatican II Council 1962

 

 

Next week we will be covering the final chapter of MacCulloch’s book, Chapter 25.  Please read the first two sections, The Second Vatican Council: Half a Revolution and Catholics, Protestants and Liberation, and answer one of the following questions:

 

(more…)

UPDATE: Chapter 24: Part II – German Christians during WWII; Stalin and the Orthodox Church; the ‘Word of Faith’ and ‘Health and Wealth Gospel’ movements

 

German Christian Faith Movement

The faction of the “German Christian Faith Movement” (GDC, or the “German Christians”) in the church under the leadership of Joachim Hossenfelder, a pastor in Berlin, did its utmost as of 1932 to nazify the Protestant church in Prussia”, and, as of 1933, the entire Reich in the wake of the “national awakening” in keeping with the political “revolution.” They advocated racial and anti-Semitic ideas geared toward the Führerprinzip and aspired with their aims to take the lead in the Protestant church quickly. At their first “national assembly” in Berlin in early April of 1933, they called for the introduction of the “Aryan paragraph” within the Protestant church as well and for the formation of a Reich Church. In keeping with the Führerprinzip, they wanted to see a “Reich Bishop” at their head as the representative of all Protestants. This was actually translated into reality, at least nominally, at their first national synod in Wittenberg in September of 1933.

 

We were finally able to meet this past Wednesday and submit our essays and finish Chapter 24.  Just one more chapter to go!

 

Also, this site has reached over 10,200 hits as of today.  Amazing.  Thank you all for visiting and contributing to this site.

 

Reading Church history as we’ve been doing for the past year and a half has been quite sobering, to say the least, for all of us as we go through MacCulloch’s book.  In this chapter, we thought about the reasons why so many Christians might ally themselves with blatantly evil forces such as the Nazi Party during World War II.  At times, during extreme circumstances you have to go into a form of ‘survival mode’ and defer to the powers at be in order to stay alive or not get yourself killed.  Yes, this is a very watered-down reasoning on why the German (both Protestant and Catholic) Churches supported the Nazis (there are other more complex factors involved for sure), but it was, dare I say, understandable.  If faced with a life and death situation, there will be some who will become martyrs for the faith in defiance towards the powers at be, and others who will compromise and capitulate to the domineering powers.  Though many will make quick, knee-jerk reactions and snap judgements that they were cowards and perhaps not real Christians, in reality it’s not an easy decision to make.  When you factor in personal economic and family considerations, you count how much you can lose and base your decisions on that.  We cannot be quite sure how we’d respond during extreme circumstances where our faiths are tested to its furthest extent.

 

Also, a couple of us in the group (Michael and I) have been part of Pentecostal and charismatic churches in the past, and it was interesting to learn and read about the history of the development of its theology over the years, and why it has such a high appeal to so many people that it is the fastest growing Church movement in history.

 

Here are our essays.

The Evolution of Satan

Statue of Satan at the Satanic Temple in Detroit, MI.

Statue of Satan at the Satanic Temple in Detroit, MI.

 

Great article and post on the development of Satan/the Devil in Judeo-Christian thought and theology through the centuries over at isthatinthebible.wordpress.com.

Highly fascinating.

“Princes of Darkness: The Devil’s Many Faces in Scripture and Tradition”

Chapter 24: Not Peace but a Sword (1913-60) – Part II

 

Adolf Hitler greeting Catholic leaders during a Nazi rally.

Adolf Hitler greeting Catholic leaders during a Nazi rally.

 

We will finish up the rest of Chapter 24 and discuss the impact World War II had upon Christendom.

 

Please read the last three sections: The Churches and Nazism: The Second World War, World Christianity Realigned: Ecumenical Beginnings, and World Christianity Realigned: Pentecostals and New Churches.

(more…)

UPDATE: Chapter 24: Not Peace but a Sword (1913-60) – Part I – Mussolini, the Vatican State, and the Armenian Genocide

 

Lateran Treaty

The Pope was gifted the Vatican statehood by dictator Benito Mussolini in the Lateran Treaty of 1929. Here Cardinal Gaspari (representing Pope Pius XI) and Mussolini sign the treaty.

 

 

Last Tuesday we completed and went over the first half of Chapter 24.

 

In this first half of this chapter, we’re covering the groundwork of our modern age into the 20th and 21st centuries.  Here we saw the decline of Christendom in Europe.  During our discussion, we all agreed that Christendom was faltering for the most part as a dominant political (and even social/spiritual) institution from the 18th century onwards, but its decline was precipitated by the start of World War I.

 

To say the least, the start of the 20th century was marked by brutality and upheaval of enormous proportions, especially with the onslaught of World War I.

 

Here are our essays for the first half of this chapter.

 

 

Chapter 24: Not Peace but a Sword (1913-60) – Part I

Happy New Year!

For our first meeting of 2015 for next week, please read the first three sections of Chapter 24: A War That Killed Christendom (1914-18); Great Britain: The Last Years of Christian Empire; Catholics and Christ the King: The Second Age of Catholic Missions.

 

American soldier dies during a German gas attack during WWI.  May, 1918.

American soldier dies during a German gas attack during WWI. May, 1918.

 

 

Please answer one of the following questions:

(more…)

UPDATE: Chapter 23 – To Make the World Protestant – Part II – Great Indian Rebellion, the Taiping Rebellion (1850 – 1864), Hong Xiuquan, Pentacostalism, dispensationalism, the Rapture, charismatic

 

These are our essays from this past Sunday.

(more…)

Chapter 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700 – 1914) – Part II

Joseph Smith and Moroni

Joseph Smith receiving the golden plates from the Angel Moroni.

 

 

We will conclude our study of Chapter 23 by going over the last three sections: India: The Great Rebellion and the Limits of Colonial Mission; China, Korea, Japan; and America: The New Protestant Empire.

(more…)

UPDATE: Chapter 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700 – 1914) – Part I

 

Last night we had a fruitful discussion about the first half of Chapter 23 – our essays are here.

 

The image above is a common argument atheists and non-believers have used to either discredit Christian-based ethics or Christianity altogether.  Though in this chapter and other chapters of MacCulloch’s book have shown that Christianity (or the Church in general) has played a significant role in the history of slavery, there are some misconceptions about the type of slavery that the Bible mentions; Chris tackles this issue in his essay about slavery.  There is a definite and serious responsibility all Christians should do in making sure that biblical verses be put into its proper geohistorical contexts for proper exegesis and hermeneutics to occur.  Neglecting to do so will amount to serious misunderstandings and be a detriment to the gospel message, as the African-slave experience has shown.

 

Last night’s meeting reminded me of how special what we are doing at Project Augustine is.  At times, when Christians are gathered in a small group setting to talk about spiritual matters, most are on their best behavior and may not be so upfront about what they truly believe in, fearing that they might be misunderstood or that their questions might be deemed silly at best or even heretical at worst.  But not at Project Augustine.  We’re pretty open – unabashedly open often in fact.  Now, this style may or may not be to everyone’s liking of course.  But this way of engaging Christianity really challenges us and stretches our knowledge of not only the church, Christianity, God, etc., but also ourselves and why we believe what we believe.

 

 

 

Chapter 23: To Make the World Protestant (1700 – 1914) – Part I

 

"Am I Not A Man And A Brother?"

“Am I Not A Man And A Brother?” – 1787 medallion designed by Josiah Wedgwood for the British anti-slavery campaign

 

 

Hi everyone.  Sorry to make this so late.

 

Tomorrow we will be covering the first three sections of Chapter 23: Slavery and Its Abolition: A New Christian Taboo, A Protestant World Mission: Oceania and Australasia, Africa: An Islamic or a Protestant Century?

 

Please answer one of the following questions:

(more…)